Data Structures, Algorithms, Programming Concepts (C/C++/Python/Java), OOP & Web Development (Part 1)

Question 1

What is the primary difference between a "Compiler" and an "Interpreter"?

Accepted Answer

A Compiler translates the entire source code program into machine code executable binary all at once before execution; an Interpreter translates and executes source code line-by-line in real time

Answer

A Compiler is hardware; an Interpreter is software

Answer

An Interpreter is faster than a Compiler for heavy computation

Answer

Compilers cannot detect syntax errors

Question 2

Who developed the C Programming Language at AT&T Bell Laboratories in 1972 to rewrite the UNIX operating system?

Accepted Answer

Dennis Ritchie

Answer

Bjarne Stroustrup

Answer

James Gosling

Answer

Guido van Rossum

Question 3

How many standard reserved keywords are defined in the baseline ANSI C (C89/C90) language specification?

Accepted Answer

32 keywords

Answer

64 keywords

Answer

24 keywords

Answer

48 keywords

Question 4

Which of the following is a valid variable identifier name in C and C++?

Accepted Answer

_total_score_2

Answer

2total

Answer

total-score

Answer

int

Question 5

What is the escape sequence character used in C/C++ strings to represent the "Null Terminator" that marks the end of a string in memory?

Accepted Answer

\0

Answer

Answer

Answer

\r

Question 6

What is the difference between the prefix increment operator (`++x`) and the postfix increment operator (`x++`) in C/C++?

Accepted Answer

Prefix (`++x`) increments the variable value FIRST before returning the result in the expression; Postfix (`x++`) evaluates the current value in the expression FIRST, and increments the variable afterward

Answer

Prefix adds 2; Postfix adds 1

Answer

Prefix works only on floating point numbers

Answer

Postfix is illegal in C++

Question 7

Which operator in C/C++ is a compile-time unary operator used to determine the exact memory size (in bytes) occupied by a data type or variable?

Accepted Answer

sizeof

Answer

len

Answer

size

Answer

length

Question 8

What is the only "Ternary Operator" in C, C++, and Java that takes three operands for conditional evaluation?

Accepted Answer

? : (Conditional Operator)

Answer

&& ||

Answer

-> .

Answer

<< >>

Question 9

What is the defining operational characteristic of a `do-while` loop compared to a standard `while` loop?

Accepted Answer

A `do-while` loop is an exit-controlled loop that is guaranteed to execute its loop body AT LEAST ONCE before evaluating the condition

Answer

A `do-while` loop never terminates

Answer

A `while` loop executes faster than a `do-while` loop

Answer

A `do-while` loop cannot use integer variables

Question 10

In a C/C++ `switch-case` statement, what happens if a `break` statement is omitted at the end of a matching `case` block?

Accepted Answer

Execution "falls through" and sequentially executes all subsequent case statements below it until a `break` or the end of the switch is reached

Answer

The compiler throws a fatal syntax error

Answer

The program immediately reboots

Answer

The computer executes the default block first

Question 11

What is the difference between the `break` statement and the `continue` statement inside a loop?

Accepted Answer

`break` terminates the loop completely and jumps execution outside the loop; `continue` skips only the remainder of the CURRENT iteration and jumps directly to the next iteration test

Answer

`continue` terminates the program; `break` pauses it

Answer

`break` is for `while` loops; `continue` is for `for` loops only

Answer

`continue` resets all variables to zero

Question 12

Who created the C++ Programming Language in 1979 at Bell Labs (originally called "C with Classes") to add object-oriented features to C?

Accepted Answer

Bjarne Stroustrup

Answer

James Gosling

Answer

Niklaus Wirth

Answer

Ken Thompson

Question 13

Who created the Java Programming Language at Sun Microsystems in 1995 with the design philosophy of "Write Once, Run Anywhere" (WORA)?

Accepted Answer

James Gosling

Answer

Guido van Rossum

Answer

Brendan Eich

Answer

Anders Hejlsberg

Question 14

Who created the Python Programming Language, released in 1991, emphasizing code readability and clean indentation syntax?

Accepted Answer

Guido van Rossum

Answer

Yukihiro Matsumoto

Answer

Larry Wall

Answer

Rasmus Lerdorf

Question 15

Who created JavaScript in 1995 in just 10 days while working at Netscape Communications?

Accepted Answer

Brendan Eich

Answer

Tim Berners-Lee

Answer

Marc Andreessen

Answer

Linus Torvalds